Accuracy of 3D Building Models Created Using Terrestrial and Airborne Laser Scanning Data
Andrzej Borkowski et al.
There is a growing interest in building modelling, especially from laser scanning data; 3D models are used in many professional applications, such as urban planning, spatial analysis, inventories of historical and cultural heritage, promotion of tourist places, and Building Information Modelling (BIM). This work presents the accuracy assessment of 3D building models created from combined airborne and terrestrial laser scanning data. The investigation was performed on both heritage and residential building models created from LiDAR point clouds acquired using terrestrial Leica ScanStation C10 and airborne Riegl LMS-Q680i scanners. Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) data obtained with average point spacing of about two centimetres was the primary data used in modelling. For the modelling of building elements that were invisible from ground stations, e.g. roofs, Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data was used; it was collected with a density of about 12 pts./m2. Stitching of TLS and ALS was simplified by transforming both into the same coordinate system. Finally, textures mapping was applied, whereby textures were created from digital images taken with a camera Canon 40D. Modelling was performed semi-automatically using both the commercial software Leica Cyclone, as well as the authorrs software.
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