Addressing New Land Governance Challenges: Governance Schemes For Urban Regeneration Project In Latin America
Vanessa Velasco, Juan Felipe Pinilla, Maria Juliana Rojas
Urban regeneration projects are setting new land governance challenges: urban transformation sets high expectations on successful outcomes but also relevant demands on community participation and respect for inhabitant’s rights and needs. Implementation of these projects faces difficulties in urban infrastructure finance, land owner’s participation, public and private agreements for its development, and the continuation of projects beyond the city mayor’s period. From traditional perspectives on highly public intervention to radical calls on how regeneration processes should be leaded solely by private actors, what has become clear is that more than power relationships between actors a complex network is needed to embrace a physical transformation that represents important investments and reconfiguration of public and private areas but also socio-economic disruptive interventions. Definite conclusions on how a GS should be defined for urban regeneration projects could be found in recent regeneration experiences, particularly in growing cities that are seeking new mechanisms where private -public mistruth relationships could be overturn on behalf of urban development goals. In Colombia, cities have been leading urban regeneration projects for deteriorated areas using land use master plans for specific areas of cities “partial plans” (PP). Urban regulations stablish that public development agencies and public and private institutional agreements could be in charge of formulation and implementation of PP. Definition of procedures, roles, and interaction mechanisms between public and private entities are some of the components of these PP governance schemes (GS). Main role of governance schemes will be presented through the study of 2 urban regeneration projects in Colombia, the PP of Fenicia in Bogota and the PP of Sevilla in the “Innovation District of Medellin. The study of governance schemes of these PP could be an example for other urban regeneration projects including: i) scope of the project, ii) urban regulations, iii) stake holder participation mechanisms, and iv) institutional agreement.
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