Ecological and environmental influences in the construction of west gas supplying to east project in China
Xu, Aigong
The Project of West Gas Supplying to East in China is the largest pipeline transportation project in history. The project took fours and eight months to develop and completed on the end of 2004. It is designed to transport the gas produced in Xinjiang, where has huge amount of gas storage, to the seven provinces in east part of China, where requires large amount of energy. The project costs 150 billion Chinese Yuan with total pipeline length of more than 4 000 km. It passes through nine provinces. The pipeline passes through the Yellow River three time and also Changjiang River, Huaihe River, as well as other large rivers for more than ten times. The passed areas also include a lot of ancient heritages such as Ancient Lantian in Shanxi, Ancient Silk Road, and Zunhuang in Gansu. The territorial, terrain, environment, and geology conditions are different and complex along the pass-through areas. The project has great promotion to the economy development in China. It also ha great influences to the ecological and environment in all the pipeline pass-through areas and provinces using piped gas. This paper has comprehensively evaluated the soil and water conservation precaution and protection, the engineering and vegetative control measures, the land reclamation measures, the implementation of soil and water conservation investment, and the supervising and monitoring of soil and water loss according to the plan of soil and water conservation of the West Gas Supplying to East Project. The ecological environment of some areas is very unstable. Once the sandy vegetation was broken, wind erosion and sand transference will accelerate the desertification process, and the ecosystem will be degenerated or destroyed. The characteristics of sandy land and the ecological environment of these areas are investigated. Some corresponding engineering countermeasures to control desertification and to keep the ecosystem balance are proposed.
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