Providing formal property rights to slum owners through tenure legalization process in Turkey
Uzun, Bayram and H. Ebru Colak
After World War II, most rural households rapidly migrated to Turkeyys big cities in search of employment. Informal settlements known as slums occupied urban peripheries and hold more than half of the urban population in Turkeyys big cities. Slums are illegal dwellings because they are built on public land usually belonging to the Treasury and constructed without occupancy and land titles. In the original meaning, slums as shelters of poverty were built in the cityys peripheries temporarily. Local politicians, especially, tended to benefit from votes of slumss inhabitants through providing infrastructure and basic services for squatters. In 1983, Turkish Government accepted liberal policies to open the society to international market. In this process, the government attempted to integrate slum lands into the formal urban market by a law which titled 2981. Slum settlements were legalized through a series of slum amnesties and deeds of occupied lands were given to slum owners. The law did not enable the demolition of existing slums. In contrary to this, property rights were provided through the legalization process. In this study, the way to make slum owners to acquire land ownership is explained with a flowchart describing how a technical procedure is executed under what circumstances. Consequently, advantages and disadvantages of applied urban land management system in Turkey are clarified in detail. Differences, related to informal settlement, between international studies and Turkish system are discussed.
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