The Reliction in the Finnish Cadaster : a Very Finnish Problem
Kalle Konttinen
During the last glacial period, much of northern Europe was covered by ice sheets which were often couple kilometers high. The weight of the ice caused the surface of Earth to sink. After the ice melted, Earth?s surface started to bounce back. In Finland the Earth?s surface is still bouncing back. This bouncing back creates vast reliction areas at Finnish coast-lines. In Finland, a country with long Baltic Sea coastline, 188 000 lakes and 179 000 islands, the effects of this phenomenon to cadastral surveying are known to every cadastral surveyor. In the Finnish cadaster, reliction areas are primarily owned by the owner of the water area. One exception to this are so called detached reliction areas. Before the year, a 1911 manmade reliction area could be form so that the the owners of the area were those who made it. These areas were for many decades outside the cadastral system and ownership papers could be in someone?s drawer. Last of these areas have just recently been formally put into the Finnish Cadaster. Common cadastral problem with reliction areas in Finland occur with summer cottages. It is very common that in front of a summer cottage there is reliction area. This problem is solved in Finland through an expropriation of the reliction area. In recent years a new problem with reliction areas has become apparent. In many rural lakes there is growing interest to raise the water surface of the lake. Now there is need for a reverse reliction expropriation procedure.
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