Validation of GNSS-Based High-Precision Velocity Estimation for Outdoor Sports
Geo Boffi et al.
GNSS can provide three-dimensional velocity of a mobile user with mm/s accuracy, and with high temporal and spatial resolution. This is facilitated in particular using Doppler observables computed as first-order central differences from the carrier-phase and it does not require use of a high-end receiver. In certain outdoor sports it is desired to capture the trajectory and the dynamics of an athlete with high temporal and spatial resolution, and possibly also high accuracy. This is primarily for training, detailed performance analysis, studying risk, and for research while ranking during competition is typically based on time measurements e.g., using photocells. Due to the virtually unlimited opera-tion range and the inherent capability of yielding location, velocity and time, GNSS receivers are particularly well suited for the above purposes. In this paper we present models for predicting the accuracy of both GNSS-derived and photocell-based speed estimates, showing that generally the GNSS-based estimates will be significantly more accurate if GNSS is available. We have validated the models using data from tests on a coaster track which mimicked the dynamics of outdoor sports potentially benefitting from the technology and at the same time allowed repetition under reasonably controlled conditions.
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